How does diesel exhaust impact asthma?

undoubtedly the use of echo-cardiography (including transoesophageal echocardiography), laboratory findings and venous ultrasonography should be encouraged in patients with suspected high-risk PE. Management decisions should be taken based on all collected data on a case by case basis. Each test comes to the rescue of the others. 'One for all and all for one'. Right ventricular heart failure from pulmonary embolism: key distinctions from chronic pulmonary hypertension. of the shock index along with transthoracic echocardiography in risk stratification of patients with acute pulmonary embolism. value of right ventricular dysfunction in patients with haemodynamically stable pulmonary embolism: a systematic review. Do we have two hearts? New insights in right ventricular function supported by myocardial imaging echocardiography. value of troponins in acute pulmonary embolism: a meta-analysis. Prognostic significance of concomitant deep vein thrombosis in patients presenting with acute symptomatic pulmonary embolism. Presence of lower limb deep vein thrombosis and prognosis in patients with symptomatic pulmonary embolism: preliminary report. Combinations of prognostic tools for identification of high-risk normotensive patients with acute symptomatic pulmonary embolism. et al. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide or troponin testing followed by echocardiography for risk stratification of acute pulmonary embolism. et al. Outcome in stable patients with acute pulmonary embolism who had right ventricular enlargement and/or elevated levels of troponin I. Both air pollution health effects researchers and air quality regulatory agencies have been paying increased attention to emissions from motor vehicles in recent years. A growing body of scientific literature supports the concept that exposure to roadways with high traffic density is associated with adverse health effects, including increased risk of negative asthma outcomes. Heavy-duty diesel-powered vehicles like trucks and buses are often driven more frequently on roadways with high traffic density and, as such, diesel exhaust has been suspected to be a major cause of traffic-associated asthma morbidity. Diesel exhaust is somewhat akin to tobacco smoke in that it is a mixture of particles and gases with many chemical constituents. Diesel exhaust particulate (DEP) is mostly elemental carbon with about 20e40% adsorbed organic compounds, but sulfates, nitrates and metals are also present. 1 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and related compounds such as quinones have been touted as the most toxicologically relevant constituents of DEP, primarily because of their redox potential and ability to cause oxidative stress. 2 More than 90% of DEP mass is in particles >1 mm in diameter that can easily be inhaled into the deep …